**
	 * Get installed Jetpack plugins
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function get_installed_jetpack_plugins() {
		$plugin_slugs = array_keys( Plugins_Installer::get_plugins() );
		$plugin_slugs = array_map(
			static function ( $slug ) {
				$parts = explode( '/', $slug );
				if ( empty( $parts ) ) {
					return '';
				}
				// Return the last segment of the filepath without the PHP extension
				return str_replace( '.php', '', $parts[ count( $parts ) - 1 ] );
			},
			$plugin_slugs
		);

		return array_values( array_intersect( self::JETPACK_PLUGIN_SLUGS, $plugin_slugs ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Get active modules (except ones enabled by default)
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function get_active_modules() {
		$modules        = new Modules();
		$active_modules = $modules->get_active();

		// if the Jetpack plugin is active, filter out the modules that are active by default
		if ( class_exists( 'Jetpack' ) && ! empty( $active_modules ) ) {
			$active_modules = array_diff( $active_modules, Jetpack::get_default_modules() );
		}
		return array_values( $active_modules );
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the current user is "new" to Jetpack
	 * This is used to vary some messaging in My Jetpack
	 *
	 * On the front-end, purchases are also taken into account
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public static function is_jetpack_user_new() {
		// is the user connected?
		$connection = new Connection_Manager();
		if ( $connection->is_user_connected() ) {
			return false;
		}

		// TODO: add a data point for the last known connection/ disconnection time

		// are any modules active?
		$active_modules = self::get_active_modules();
		if ( ! empty( $active_modules ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		// check for other Jetpack plugins that are installed on the site (active or not)
		// If there's more than one Jetpack plugin active, this user is not "new"
		$plugin_slugs              = array_keys( Plugins_Installer::get_plugins() );
		$plugin_slugs              = array_map(
			static function ( $slug ) {
				$parts = explode( '/', $slug );
				if ( empty( $parts ) ) {
					return '';
				}
				// Return the last segment of the filepath without the PHP extension
				return str_replace( '.php', '', $parts[ count( $parts ) - 1 ] );
			},
			$plugin_slugs
		);
		$installed_jetpack_plugins = array_intersect( self::JETPACK_PLUGIN_SLUGS, $plugin_slugs );
		if ( is_countable( $installed_jetpack_plugins ) && count( $installed_jetpack_plugins ) >= 2 ) {
			return false;
		}

		// Does the site have any purchases?
		$purchases = Wpcom_Products::get_site_current_purchases();
		if ( ! empty( $purchases ) && ! is_wp_error( $purchases ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Determines whether the user has come from a host we can recognize.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public static function is_user_from_known_host() {
		// Known (external) host is the one that has been determined and is not dotcom.
		return ! in_array( ( new Status_Host() )->get_known_host_guess(), array( 'unknown', 'wpcom' ), true );
	}

	/**
	 *  Build flags for My Jetpack UI
	 *
	 *  @return array
	 */
	public static function get_my_jetpack_flags() {
		$flags = array(
			'videoPressStats'          => Jetpack_Constants::is_true( 'JETPACK_MY_JETPACK_VIDEOPRESS_STATS_ENABLED' ),
			'showFullJetpackStatsCard' => class_exists( 'Jetpack' ),
		);

		return $flags;
	}

	/**
	 * Echoes the admin page content.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function admin_page() {
		echo '<div id="my-jetpack-container"></div>';
	}

	/**
	 * Register the REST API routes.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function register_rest_endpoints() {
		new REST_Products();
		new REST_Purchases();
		new REST_Zendesk_Chat();
		new REST_Product_Data();
		new REST_AI();
		new REST_Recommendations_Evaluation();

		register_rest_route(
			'my-jetpack/v1',
			'site',
			array(
				'methods'             => \WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
				'callback'            => __CLASS__ . '::get_site',
				'permission_callback' => __CLASS__ . '::permissions_callback',
			)
		);

		register_rest_route(
			'my-jetpack/v1',
			'site/dismiss-welcome-banner',
			array(
				'methods'             => \WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
				'callback'            => __CLASS__ . '::dismiss_welcome_banner',
				'permission_callback' => __CLASS__ . '::permissions_callback',
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Check user capability to access the endpoint.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 * @static
	 *
	 * @return true|WP_Error
	 */
	public static function permissions_callback() {
		return current_user_can( 'manage_options' );
	}

	/**
	 * Return true if we should initialize the My Jetpack admin page.
	 */
	public static function should_initialize() {
		$should = true;

		if ( is_multisite() ) {
			$should = false;
		}

		// All options presented in My Jetpack require a connection to WordPress.com.
		if ( ( new Status() )->is_offline_mode() ) {
			$should = false;
		}

		/**
		 * Allows filtering whether My Jetpack should be initialized.
		 *
		 * @since 0.5.0-alpha
		 *
		 * @param bool $shoud_initialize Should we initialize My Jetpack?
		 */
		return apply_filters( 'jetpack_my_jetpack_should_initialize', $should );
	}

	/**
	 * Set transient to queue an update to the historically active Jetpack modules on the next wp-admin load
	 *
	 * @param string $plugin The plugin that triggered the update. This will be present if the function was queued by a plugin activation.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function queue_historically_active_jetpack_modules_update( $plugin = null ) {
		$plugin_filenames = Products::get_all_plugin_filenames();

		if ( ! $plugin || in_array( $plugin, $plugin_filenames, true ) ) {
			set_transient( self::UPDATE_HISTORICALLY_ACTIVE_JETPACK_MODULES_KEY, true );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Hook into several connection-based actions to update the historically active Jetpack modules
	 * If the transient that indicates the list needs to be synced, update it and delete the transient
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function setup_historically_active_jetpack_modules_sync() {
		if ( get_transient( self::UPDATE_HISTORICALLY_ACTIVE_JETPACK_MODULES_KEY ) && ! wp_doing_ajax() ) {
			self::update_historically_active_jetpack_modules();
			delete_transient( self::UPDATE_HISTORICALLY_ACTIVE_JETPACK_MODULES_KEY );
		}

		$actions = array(
			'jetpack_site_registered',
			'jetpack_user_authorized',
			'activated_plugin',
		);

		foreach ( $actions as $action ) {
			add_action( $action, array( __CLASS__, 'queue_historically_active_jetpack_modules_update' ), 5 );
		}

		// Modules are often updated async, so we need to update them right away as there will sometimes be no page reload.
		add_action( 'jetpack_activate_module', array( __CLASS__, 'update_historically_active_jetpack_modules' ), 5 );
	}

	/**
	 * Update historically active Jetpack plugins
	 * Historically active is defined as the Jetpack plugins that are installed and active with the required connections
	 * This array will consist of any plugins that were active at one point in time and are still enabled on the site
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function update_historically_active_jetpack_modules() {
		$historically_active_modules = \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'historically_active_modules', array() );
		$products                    = Products::get_products();

		foreach ( $products as $product ) {
			$status       = $product['status'];
			$product_slug = $product['slug'];
			// We want to leave modules in the array if they've been active in the past
			// and were not manually disabled by the user.
			if ( in_array( $status, Products::$broken_module_statuses, true ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			// If the module is active and not already in the array, add it
			if (
				in_array( $status, Products::$active_module_statuses, true ) &&
				! in_array( $product_slug, $historically_active_modules, true )
			) {
					$historically_active_modules[] = $product_slug;
			}

			// If the module has been disabled due to a manual user action,
			// or because of a missing plan error, remove it from the array
			if ( in_array( $status, Products::$disabled_module_statuses, true ) ) {
				$historically_active_modules = array_values( array_diff( $historically_active_modules, array( $product_slug ) ) );
			}
		}

		\Jetpack_Options::update_option( 'historically_active_modules', array_unique( $historically_active_modules ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Site full-data endpoint.
	 *
	 * @return object Site data.
	 */
	public static function get_site() {
		$site_id           = \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'id' );
		$wpcom_endpoint    = sprintf( '/sites/%d?force=wpcom', $site_id );
		$wpcom_api_version = '1.1';
		$response          = Client::wpcom_json_api_request_as_blog( $wpcom_endpoint, $wpcom_api_version );
		$response_code     = wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $response );
		$body              = json_decode( wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response ) );

		if ( is_wp_error( $response ) || empty( $response['body'] ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'site_data_fetch_failed', 'Site data fetch failed', array( 'status' => $response_code ) );
		}

		return rest_ensure_response( $body );
	}

	/**
	 * Populates the self::$site_info var with site data from the /sites/%d endpoint
	 *
	 * @return object|WP_Error
	 */
	public static function get_site_info() {
		static $site_info = null;

		if ( $site_info !== null ) {
			return $site_info;
		}

		// Check for a cached value before doing lookup
		$stored_site_info = get_transient( self::MY_JETPACK_SITE_INFO_TRANSIENT_KEY );
		if ( $stored_site_info !== false ) {
			return $stored_site_info;
		}

		$response = self::get_site();
		if ( is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
			return $response;
		}
		$site_info = $response->data;
		set_transient( self::MY_JETPACK_SITE_INFO_TRANSIENT_KEY, $site_info, DAY_IN_SECONDS );

		return $site_info;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether a site has been determined "commercial" or not.
	 *
	 * @return bool|null
	 */
	public static function is_commercial_site() {
		if ( is_wp_error( self::$site_info ) ) {
			return null;
		}

		return empty( self::$site_info->options->is_commercial ) ? false : self::$site_info->options->is_commercial;
	}

	/**
	 * Check if site is registered (has been connected before).
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public static function is_registered() {
		return (bool) \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'id' );
	}

	/**
	 * Dismiss the welcome banner.
	 *
	 * @return \WP_REST_Response
	 */
	public static function dismiss_welcome_banner() {
		\Jetpack_Options::update_option( 'dismissed_welcome_banner', true );
		return rest_ensure_response( array( 'success' => true ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if the site has file write access to the plugins folder, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 **/
	public static function has_file_system_write_access() {

		$cache = get_transient( 'my_jetpack_write_access' );

		if ( false !== $cache ) {
			return $cache;
		}

		if ( ! function_exists( 'get_filesystem_method' ) ) {
			require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/file.php';
		}

		require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/template.php';

		$write_access = 'no';

		$filesystem_method = get_filesystem_method( array(), WP_PLUGIN_DIR );
		if ( 'direct' === $filesystem_method ) {
			$write_access = 'yes';
		}

		if ( ! $write_access ) {
			ob_start();
			$filesystem_credentials_are_stored = request_filesystem_credentials( self_admin_url() );
			ob_end_clean();

			if ( $filesystem_credentials_are_stored ) {
				$write_access = 'yes';
			}
		}

		set_transient( 'my_jetpack_write_access', $write_access, 30 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS );

		return $write_access;
	}

	/**
	 * Get container IDC for the IDC screen.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public static function get_idc_container_id() {
		return static::IDC_CONTAINER_ID;
	}

	/**
	 * Conditionally append the red bubble notification to the "Jetpack" menu item if there are alerts to show
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static function maybe_show_red_bubble() {
		global $menu;
		// filters for the items in this file
		add_filter( 'my_jetpack_red_bubble_notification_slugs', array( __CLASS__, 'add_red_bubble_alerts' ) );
		$red_bubble_alerts = array_filter(
			self::get_red_bubble_alerts(),
			function ( $alert ) {
				// We don't want to show silent alerts
				return empty( $alert['is_silent'] );
			}
		);

		// The Jetpack menu item should be on index 3
		if (
			! empty( $red_bubble_alerts ) &&
			is_countable( $red_bubble_alerts ) &&
			isset( $menu[3] ) &&
			$menu[3][0] === 'Jetpack'
		) {
			// phpcs:ignore WordPress.WP.GlobalVariablesOverride.Prohibited
			$menu[3][0] .= sprintf( ' <span class="awaiting-mod">%d</span>', count( $red_bubble_alerts ) );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Collect all possible alerts that we might use a red bubble notification for
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function get_red_bubble_alerts() {
		static $red_bubble_alerts = array();

		// using a static cache since we call this function more than once in the class
		if ( ! empty( $red_bubble_alerts ) ) {
			return $red_bubble_alerts;
		}
		// go find the alerts
		$red_bubble_alerts = apply_filters( 'my_jetpack_red_bubble_notification_slugs', $red_bubble_alerts );

		return $red_bubble_alerts;
	}

	/**
	 * Get list of module names sorted by their recommendation score
	 *
	 * @return array|null
	 */
	public static function get_recommended_modules() {
		$recommendations_evaluation = \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'recommendations_evaluation', null );

		if ( ! $recommendations_evaluation ) {
			return null;
		}

		arsort( $recommendations_evaluation ); // Sort by scores in descending order

		return array_keys( $recommendations_evaluation ); // Get only module names
	}

	/**
	 * Check for features broken by a disconnected user or site
	 *
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function check_for_broken_modules() {
		$connection        = new Connection_Manager();
		$is_user_connected = $connection->is_user_connected() || $connection->has_connected_owner();
		$is_site_connected = $connection->is_connected();
		$broken_modules    = array(
			'needs_site_connection' => array(),
			'needs_user_connection' => array(),
		);

		if ( $is_user_connected && $is_site_connected ) {
			return $broken_modules;
		}

		$products                    = Products::get_products_classes();
		$historically_active_modules = \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'historically_active_modules', array() );

		foreach ( $products as $product ) {
			if ( ! in_array( $product::$slug, $historically_active_modules, true ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			if ( $product::$requires_user_connection && ! $is_user_connected ) {
				if ( ! in_array( $product::$slug, $broken_modules['needs_user_connection'], true ) ) {
					$broken_modules['needs_user_connection'][] = $product::$slug;
				}
			} elseif ( ! $is_site_connected ) {
				if ( ! in_array( $product::$slug, $broken_modules['needs_site_connection'], true ) ) {
					$broken_modules['needs_site_connection'][] = $product::$slug;
				}
			}
		}

		return $broken_modules;
	}

	/**
	 *  Add relevant red bubble notifications
	 *
	 * @param array $red_bubble_slugs - slugs that describe the reasons the red bubble is showing.
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function add_red_bubble_alerts( array $red_bubble_slugs ) {
		if ( wp_doing_ajax() ) {
			return array();
		}
		$connection               = new Connection_Manager();
		$welcome_banner_dismissed = \Jetpack_Options::get_option( 'dismissed_welcome_banner', false );
		if ( self::is_jetpack_user_new() && ! $welcome_banner_dismissed ) {
			$red_bubble_slugs['welcome-banner-active'] = array(
				'is_silent' => $connection->is_connected(), // we don't display the red bubble if the user is connected
			);
			return $red_bubble_slugs;
		} else {
			return self::alert_if_missing_connection( $red_bubble_slugs );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Add an alert slug if the site is missing a site connection
	 *
	 * @param array $red_bubble_slugs - slugs that describe the reasons the red bubble is showing.
	 * @return array
	 */
	public static function alert_if_missing_connection( array $red_bubble_slugs ) {
		$broken_modules = self::check_for_broken_modules();
		$connection     = new Connection_Manager();

		if ( ! empty( $broken_modules['needs_user_connection'] ) ) {
			$red_bubble_slugs[ self::MISSING_CONNECTION_NOTIFICATION_KEY ] = array(
				'type'     => 'user',
				'is_error' => true,
			);
			return $red_bubble_slugs;
		}

		if ( ! empty( $broken_modules['needs_site_connection'] ) ) {
			$red_bubble_slugs[ self::MISSING_CONNECTION_NOTIFICATION_KEY ] = array(
				'type'     => 'site',
				'is_error' => true,
			);
			return $red_bubble_slugs;
		}

		if ( ! $connection->is_user_connected() && ! $connection->has_connected_owner() ) {
			$red_bubble_slugs[ self::MISSING_CONNECTION_NOTIFICATION_KEY ] = array(
				'type'     => 'user',
				'is_error' => false,
			);
			return $red_bubble_slugs;
		}

		if ( ! $connection->is_connected() ) {
			$red_bubble_slugs[ self::MISSING_CONNECTION_NOTIFICATION_KEY ] = array(
				'type'     => 'site',
				'is_error' => false,
			);
			return $red_bubble_slugs;
		}

		return $red_bubble_slugs;
	}
}